Students taking advanced courses in geophysics generally need prior coursework in physics, chemistry or geology, depending on the course. Some online courses. Seismic spectral ratios between the 3 September 2017 North Korean nuclear test (NKT2017) and four earlier Korean tests (25 May 2009, NKT2009; 12 February 2013, NKT2013; 6 January 20016, NKT2016J; and 9 September 2016, NKT2016S) are investigated.
5 Mandatory Hours
30 Total Hours
Alabama Land Surveyor Professional Development packages
Save up to 59% on Alabama Land Surveyor Continuing Education packages created just for you. Select packages based on the hours you need and the topics that interest you.
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OC: Seized Lands: Eminent Domain
This course covers the topic of land seizures using thepower of the eminent domain law. Eminent domain is a legal power legislatively g...
Adverse Possession and Prescriptive Easements
This course covers the topics of adverse possession and prescriptive easements. Both are legally-established means in which a pa...
This course covers the topics of adverse possession and prescriptive easements. Both are legally-established means in which a party may acquire either legal title, or the deeded privilege, to use land belonging to another party without the expressed consent of that owner. Surveyors who perform boundary retracement surveys must be familiar with this legal doctrine; these types of boundary surveys are often muddled by the existence of an adverse possession or prescriptive easement situation.
OC: Adverse Possession and Prescriptive Easements
This course covers the topics of adverse possession and prescriptive easements. Both are legally-established means in which a pa...
This course covers the topics of adverse possession and prescriptive easements. Both are legally-established means in which a party may acquire either legal title, or the deeded privilege, to use land belonging to another party without the expressed consent of that owner. Surveyors who perform boundary retracement surveys must be familiar with this legal doctrine; these types of boundary surveys are often muddled by the existence of an adverse possession or prescriptive easement situation.
Seized Lands: Eminent Domain
This course covers the topic of land seizures using thepower of the eminent domain law. Eminent domain is a legal power legislatively g...
OC: Geophysical Surveying - Methods and Applications
Geophysical surveying is an applied branch of geophysics which uses seismic, gravitational, magnetic, electrical and electromagnetic p...
Geophysical surveying is an applied branch of geophysics which uses seismic, gravitational, magnetic, electrical and electromagnetic physical methodologies at the Earth’s surface to measure the physical properties of the subsurface. Geophysical surveying methods generally measure these geophysical properties, along with anomalies, in order to evaluate various subsurface conditions such as the existence of groundwater, bedrock, minerals, oil and gas, geothermal resources, voids and cavities, and much more. This course details the various methods used in geophysical surveying and provides an overview of the many applications of geophysical surveys.
OC: Construction Surveying: Roadway Route Surveys
In this course, the surveyor will learn the surveying procedures used to perform a roadway route survey. Additionally, the surveyor wil...
In this course, the surveyor will learn the surveying procedures used to perform a roadway route survey. Additionally, the surveyor will learn some of the pertinent design principles of geometric roadway design used by transportation designers. These include: The use of superelevation (or banking of curves), tangent to curve transition, sight distances, and design speed.
OC: 3D Scanning Surveys
This course covers the performance of as-built surveys, along with the emerging popularity of 3D scans, for the creation of quick, eas...
This course covers the performance of as-built surveys, along with the emerging popularity of 3D scans, for the creation of quick, easy, and highly detailed and accurate surveys for use in a wide range of applications. This course is designed to offer an overview of 3D scanning technology and the many applications which are possible with these types of surveys.
OC:Rights and Responsibilities in the Lands of Others: The Effect of Easements
This course is designed to provide an overview of how easements are used and how they affect the land surveyor. The course will cover ty...
This course is designed to provide an overview of how easements are used and how they affect the land surveyor. The course will cover types of easements and how to create easements as well as how easements are terminated. Throughout the course various case studies will be discussed, which will give the participant an example of how easements are used.
OC: Overview of Hydrographic and Bathymetric Surveying
...
OC:Legal Descriptions
Examine legal descriptions that are written on warranties and deeds....
Examine legal descriptions that are written on warranties and deeds.
OC:Water Rights
This course is designed to fulfill professional development requirements for land surveyors. The course opens with definitions of terms ...
This course is designed to fulfill professional development requirements for land surveyors. The course opens with definitions of terms related to water rights and their importance to land surveyors. Then it focuses on tidal and non-tidal boundaries and the significant difference between the two. Finally, the course informs us of shorelines, their changes over time, and how a land surveyor can determine a historic shoreline. McKissock has met the standards and requirements of the Registered Continuing Education Program. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to RCEP, provider #127505.
NFIP/Fema Flood Plain Management
The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) provides the maps and regulatory basis for floodplain management. It is the primary source o...
The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) provides the maps and regulatory basis for floodplain management. It is the primary source of insurance for floodplain properties.
OC: Ethical Practice in Engineering and Land Surveying
Explore the ethics of engineering and land surveying, including different aspects of the National Council of Examiners for Engineering a...
Explore the ethics of engineering and land surveying, including different aspects of the National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES) as well as the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) Code of Ethics.
Overview of Hydrographic and Bathymetric Surveying
...
3D Scanning Surveys - As-Builts and Other Applications
This course covers the performance of as-built surveys, along with the emerging popularity of 3D scans, for the creation of quick, eas...
This course covers the performance of as-built surveys, along with the emerging popularity of 3D scans, for the creation of quick, easy, and highly detailed and accurate surveys for use in a wide range of applications. This course is designed to offer an overview of 3D scanning technology and the many applications which are possible with these types of surveys.
Legal Descriptions
Examine legal descriptions that are written on warranties and deeds....
Examine legal descriptions that are written on warranties and deeds.
OC:Utilities Public and Otherwise
The word 'utility' implies usefulness to the public, but surveyors may find that what is considered a 'utility' in one place is not alwa...
OC:Floods Happen: Where and Why
Expand your understanding of large floods, including the USGS, statistics, streamflow data and gaging stations....
Expand your understanding of large floods, including the USGS, statistics, streamflow data and gaging stations.
Boundaries and Monuments
Learn how to define and identify monuments; understand what factors to assess when judging the validity of a monument, and explain how b...
Learn how to define and identify monuments; understand what factors to assess when judging the validity of a monument, and explain how better records and a better effort to document re-monumentation could eliminate disagreements among surveyors.
OC:Boundaries and Monuments
Learn how to define and identify monuments; understand what factors to assess when judging the validity of a monument, and explain how b...
Learn how to define and identify monuments; understand what factors to assess when judging the validity of a monument, and explain how better records and a better effort to document re-monumentation could eliminate disagreements among surveyors.
Utilities Public and Otherwise
The word 'utility' implies usefulness to the public, but surveyors may find that what is considered a 'utility' in one place is ...
The word “utility” implies usefulness to the public, but surveyors may find that what is considered a “utility” in one place is not always a utility in another jurisdiction. The distinction between regulated and unregulated utilities defines the legal rights and protections these utilities may have, or the restrictions to which they may be subject. The distinction also affects how surveyors access or interpret information about the location of utilities. The statutes and case law included in this class are intended to help those who plan or stake out new or relocated utility facilities, or recover existing utility locations in the field.
Rights and Responsibilities in the Lands of Others: The Effect of Easements on Surveyors
This course is designed to provide an overview of how easements are used and how they affect the land surveyor. The course will cover ty...
This course is designed to provide an overview of how easements are used and how they affect the land surveyor. The course will cover types of easements and how to create easements at well as how easements are terminated. Throughout the course various case studies will be discussed, which will give the participant an example of how easements are used.
OC: Introduction to GIS Technology
Examine the basic GIS concepts used to visualize real-world features, establish patterns, analyze and obtain feedback information, and o...
Examine the basic GIS concepts used to visualize real-world features, establish patterns, analyze and obtain feedback information, and output that information to others visually through the use of maps, or textually through tabular data.
OC: Fundamentals of Boundary Control
Gain a basic understanding of the world of property law and boundary principles. ...
Gain a basic understanding of the world of property law and boundary principles.
Geophysical Surveying - Methods and Applications
Geophysical surveying is an applied branch of geophysics which uses seismic, gravitational, magnetic, electrical and electromagnetic p...
Geophysical surveying is an applied branch of geophysics which uses seismic, gravitational, magnetic, electrical and electromagnetic physical methodologies at the Earth’s surface to measure the physical properties of the subsurface. Geophysical surveying methods generally measure these geophysical properties, along with anomalies, in order to evaluate various subsurface conditions such as the existence of groundwater, bedrock, minerals, oil and gas, geothermal resources, voids and cavities, and much more. This course details the various methods used in geophysical surveying and provides an overview of the many applications of geophysical surveys.
OC: FEMA/NFIP Floodplain Management
The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) provides the maps and regulatory basis for floodplain management. It is the primary source o...
The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) provides the maps and regulatory basis for floodplain management. It is the primary source of insurance for floodplain properties.
Ethical Practice in Engineering and Land Surveying
Explore the ethics of engineering and land surveying, including different aspects of the National Council of Examiners for Engineer...
Explore the ethics of engineering and land surveying, including different aspects of the National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES) as well as the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) Code of Ethics.
OC:Water Allocation Systems
The twobasic water allocation systems, Riparian Rights and Prior Appropriations, usedin the United States are based on pragmatic value...
The twobasic water allocation systems, Riparian Rights and Prior Appropriations, usedin the United States are based on pragmatic values and environmental conditionsthat have defined how Americans prioritize and distribute surface water andground water to those with a legitimate need for its use.Althoughboth doctrines are sensible in their distribution methods, that commonality iswhere the similarity ends. Theircolorful histories, unique philosophies, legal battles and evolving managementmethods are thoroughly explored with-in their own chapters: 'Water RightsWest of the Mississippi' and 'Water Rights East of the Mississippi'.; The final chapter is dedicated togroundwater aquifers; the different types of aquifers, potential impacts tosurface water as well as their associated allocation systems.
Alabama Standards of Practice
Fulfill your PDH credits on Standards for Practice for Surveying in the State of Alabama....
Fulfill your PDH credits on Standards for Practice for Surveying in the State of Alabama.
Fundamentals of Boundary Control
Gain a basic understanding of the world of property law and boundary principles. ...
Gain a basic understanding of the world of property law and boundary principles.
101 Applications for GIS
This course will cover GIS systems and its two specific purposes: Creating thematic maps which represent a given theme, such as dis...
This course will cover GIS systems and its two specific purposes: - Creating thematic maps which represent a given theme, such as displaying a certain combination of data in order to visually describe a desired concept.
- Analyzing spatial and database data, then outputting the results to a map composition or in a textual form
OC: 101 Applications for GIS
This course will cover GIS systems and its two specific purposes: Creating thematic maps which represent a given theme, such as dis...
This course will cover GIS systems and its two specific purposes: - Creating thematic maps which represent a given theme, such as displaying a certain combination of data in order to visually describe a desired concept.
- Analyzing spatial and database data, then outputting the results to a map composition or in a textual form
Introduction to GIS Technology
Examine the basic GIS concepts used to visualize real-world features, establish patterns, analyze and obtain feedback information, ...
Examine the basic GIS concepts used to visualize real-world features, establish patterns, analyze and obtain feedback information, and output that information to others visually through the use of maps, or textually through tabular data.
What Can GIS Do for You? A Look at Case Studies
This course is designed to give the student a comprehensive overview of the applications of GIS by using case studies of companies acros...
This course is designed to give the student a comprehensive overview of the applications of GIS by using case studies of companies across the United States. It will cover five studies of municipalities and companies that implemented GIS to increase the efficiency of data processing as well as to replace cumbersome paper mapping systems. The course will cover creating a GIS from scratch as well as using existing programs and customizing them to meet the specific needs of the entities using the GIS.
Advanced Land Descriptions
Gain an overview of preparing land descriptions that are free from ambiguity and need no interpretation....
Gain an overview of preparing land descriptions that are free from ambiguity and need no interpretation.
OC:What Can GIS Do for You? A Look at Case Studies
This course is designed to give the student a comprehensive overview of the applications of GIS by using case studies of companies acros...
This course is designed to give the student a comprehensive overview of the applications of GIS by using case studies of companies across the United States. It will cover five studies of municipalities and companies that implemented GIS to increase the efficiency of data processing as well as to replace cumbersome paper mapping systems. The course will cover creating a GIS from scratch as well as using existing programs and customizing them to meet the specific needs of the entities using the GIS.
Preventing Burnout: Strategies to Revitalize Your Land Surveying Career
Land Surveyors are at risk for stress and burnout. A survey conducted to explore the experience of burnout among land surveyors found th...
Land Surveyors are at risk for stress and burnout. A survey conducted to explore the experience of burnout among land surveyors found there was a widespread belief that the rewards enjoyed by surveyors as a result of their professional endeavors were not commensurate with their level of skill and responsibility. Burnout is particularly high for surveyors because Land Surveying is a profession that requires attention to detail and the need to work under demanding time schedules. Fulfilling such demands often takes place at the expense of personal and professional needs. This continuing education course provides information for the land surveyor to prevent burnout plus strategies to revitalize his or her career.
Construction Surveying: Roadway Route Surveys
In this course, the surveyor will learn the surveying procedures used to perform a roadway route survey. Additionally, the surveyor wil...
In this course, the surveyor will learn the surveying procedures used to perform a roadway route survey. Additionally, the surveyor will learn some of the pertinent design principles of geometric roadway design used by transportation designers. These include: The use of superelevation (or banking of curves), tangent to curve transition, sight distances, and design speed.
OC:Alabama Standards of Practice
Fulfill your PDH credits on Standards for Practice for Surveying in the State of Alabama....
Fulfill your PDH credits on Standards for Practice for Surveying in the State of Alabama.
Floods Happen: Where and Why
Expand your understanding of large floods, including the USGS, statistics, streamflow data and gaging stations. ...
Expand your understanding of large floods, including the USGS, statistics, streamflow data and gaging stations.
3D Scanning Surveys - As-Builts and Other Applications
This course covers the performance of as-built surveys, along with the emerging popularity of 3D scans, for the creation of quick, easy, and highly detailed and accurate surveys for use in a wide range of applications. This course is designed to offer an overview of 3D scanning technology and the many applications which are possible with these types of surveys.
Alabama Standards of Practice
Fulfill your PDH credits on Standards for Practice for Surveying in the State of Alabama.
Construction Surveying: Roadway Route Surveys
In this course, the surveyor will learn the surveying procedures used to perform a roadway route survey. Additionally, the surveyor will learn some of the pertinent design principles of geometric roadway design used by transportation designers. These include: The use of superelevation (or banking of curves), tangent to curve transition, sight distances, and design speed.
Ethical Practice in Engineering and Land Surveying
Explore the ethics of engineering and land surveying, including different aspects of the National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES) as well as the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) Code of Ethics.
Geophysical Surveying - Methods and Applications
Geophysical surveying is an applied branch of geophysics which uses seismic, gravitational, magnetic, electrical and electromagnetic physical methodologies at the Earth’s surface to measure the physical properties of the subsurface. Geophysical surveying methods generally measure these geophysical properties, along with anomalies, in order to evaluate various subsurface conditions such as the existence of groundwater, bedrock, minerals, oil and gas, geothermal resources, voids and cavities, and much more. This course details the various methods used in geophysical surveying and provides an overview of the many applications of geophysical surveys.
Overview of Hydrographic and Bathymetric Surveying
OC: 3D Scanning Surveys
This course covers the performance of as-built surveys, along with the emerging popularity of 3D scans, for the creation of quick, easy, and highly detailed and accurate surveys for use in a wide range of applications. This course is designed to offer an overview of 3D scanning technology and the many applications which are possible with these types of surveys.
OC: Overview of Hydrographic and Bathymetric Surveying
OC: Seized Lands: Eminent Domain
OC: 3D Scanning Surveys
This course covers the performance of as-built surveys, along with the emerging popularity of 3D scans, for the creation of quick, easy, and highly detailed and accurate surveys for use in a wide range of applications. This course is designed to offer an overview of 3D scanning technology and the many applications which are possible with these types of surveys.
OC: Construction Surveying: Roadway Route Surveys
In this course, the surveyor will learn the surveying procedures used to perform a roadway route survey. Additionally, the surveyor will learn some of the pertinent design principles of geometric roadway design used by transportation designers. These include: The use of superelevation (or banking of curves), tangent to curve transition, sight distances, and design speed.
OC: Ethical Practice in Engineering and Land Surveying
Explore the ethics of engineering and land surveying, including different aspects of the National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES) as well as the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) Code of Ethics.
OC: Geophysical Surveying - Methods and Applications
Geophysical surveying is an applied branch of geophysics which uses seismic, gravitational, magnetic, electrical and electromagnetic physical methodologies at the Earth’s surface to measure the physical properties of the subsurface. Geophysical surveying methods generally measure these geophysical properties, along with anomalies, in order to evaluate various subsurface conditions such as the existence of groundwater, bedrock, minerals, oil and gas, geothermal resources, voids and cavities, and much more. This course details the various methods used in geophysical surveying and provides an overview of the many applications of geophysical surveys.
OC: Overview of Hydrographic and Bathymetric Surveying
OC:Alabama Standards of Practice
Fulfill your PDH credits on Standards for Practice for Surveying in the State of Alabama.
3D Scanning Surveys - As-Builts and Other Applications
This course covers the performance of as-built surveys, along with the emerging popularity of 3D scans, for the creation of quick, easy, and highly detailed and accurate surveys for use in a wide range of applications. This course is designed to offer an overview of 3D scanning technology and the many applications which are possible with these types of surveys.
Overview of Hydrographic and Bathymetric Surveying
Seized Lands: Eminent Domain
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Physics shows us that energy is always transmitted in waves. Every wave has a high point called a crest and a low point called a trough. The height of a wave from the center line to its crest is its amplitude. The distance between waves from crest to crest (or trough to trough) is its wavelength.
The energy from earthquakes travels in seismic waves, which were discussed in the chapter “Plate Tectonics.” The study of seismic waves is known as seismology. Seismologists use seismic waves to learn about earthquakes and also to learn about the Earth’s interior. The two types of seismic waves described in “Plate Tectonics,” P-waves and S-waves, are known as body waves because they move through the solid body of the Earth. P-waves travel through solids, liquids, and gases. S-waves only move through solids. Surface waves travel along the ground, outward from an earthquake’s epicenter. Surface waves are the slowest of all seismic waves, traveling at 2.5 km (1.5 miles) per second. In an earthquake, body waves produce sharp jolts, while rolling motions of surface waves do most of the damage in an earthquake.
Measuring Magnitude
Seismograms record seismic waves. Over the past century, scientists have developed several ways of measuring earthquake intensity. The currently accepted method is the moment magnitude scale, which measures the total amount of energy released by the earthquake. At this time, seismologists have not found a reliable method for predicting earthquakes.A seismograph produces a graph-like representation of the seismic waves it receives and records them onto a seismogram. Seismograms contain information that can be used to determine how strong an earthquake was, how long it lasted, and how far away it was. Modern seismometers record ground motions using electronic motion detectors. The data are then kept digitally on a computer.
If a seismogram records P-waves and surface waves but not S-waves, the seismograph was on the other side of the Earth from the earthquake because those waves cannot travel through the liquid core of the earth. The amplitude of the waves can be used to determine the magnitude of the earthquake, which will be discussed in a later section.In order to locate an earthquake epicenter, scientists must first determine the epicenter distance from three different seismographs. The longer the time between the arrival of the P-wave and S-wave, the farther away is the epicenter. So the difference in the P and S wave arrival times determines the distance between the epicenter and a seismometer. This animation shows how distance is determined using P, S, and surface waves.
The scientist then draws a circle with a radius equal to the distance from the epicenter for that seismograph. The epicenter is somewhere along that circle. This is done for three locations. Using data from two seismographs, the two circles will intercept at two points. A third circle will intercept the other two circles at a single point. This point is the earthquake epicenter. Although useful for decades, this technique has been replaced by digital calculations. Seismic stations record ten earthquakes in this animation.
Measuring Earthquakes
People have always tried to quantify the size of and damage done by earthquakes. Since early in the 20th century, there have been three methods The oldest of the scales is called the Mercalli Intensity scale. Earthquakes are described in terms of what nearby residents felt and the damage that was done to nearby structures. This scale is more qualitative in information because it’s based on visual damage and not the actual energy released by the earthquake. Today these maps are still important and various seismological stations will create shake maps of the surface damage.With the invention of the seismograph station, the Richter magnitude scale was created. Developed in 1935 by Charles Richter, this scale uses a seismometer to measure the magnitude of the largest jolt of energy released by an earthquake. Today, the moment magnitude scale has replaced the Richter scale. The moment magnitude scale measures the total energy released by an earthquake. Moment magnitude is calculated from the area of the fault that is ruptured and the distance the ground moved along the fault.The Richter scale and the moment magnitude scale are logarithmic. The amplitude of the largest wave increases ten times from one integer to the next. An increase in one integer means that thirty times more energy was released. These two scales often give very similar measurements.How does the amplitude of the largest seismic wave of a magnitude 5 earthquake compare with the largest wave of a magnitude 4 earthquake? How does it compare with a magnitude 3 quake? The amplitude of the largest seismic wave of a magnitude 5 quake is 10 times that of a magnitude 4 quake and 100 times that of a magnitude 3 quake.
Each scale has their benefits. As mentioned above, the Mercalli Intensity scale is based on how much damage someone would see. This is relative though because some places have strong building codes, and the rock material underneath will impact ground shaking without changing the energy released at the focus. With the Richter scale, a single sharp jolt measures higher than a very long intense earthquake that releases more energy. The moment magnitude scale more accurately reflects the energy released and the damage caused. Today, most seismologists now use the moment magnitude scale.